Essay on Psychoanalysis - 1148 Words

Psychoanalysis When people think of psychoanalysis, usually one name comes to mind. This would be Sigmund Freud. Freud, along with Carl G. Jung and Alfred Adler, has impacted the history of psychoanalysis. Further, he has influenced the lives of the men and women during the early 1900s. In todays society, the history of psychoanalysis is continually being discussed among many scholars. Paul Roazen, author of Encountering Freud: The Politics and Histories of Psychoanalysis, has dedicated his professional career to researching the impact of Freud and his followers not only on politics but on the cultural and intellectual life of this century (Chodoff 132). One main theme that Roazen emphasizes is the relationship between†¦show more content†¦Because of this, many searched for ideas to fill this void, and some found the answer to lay within Freud. Also, Freuds image of man was completely secular. Roazen states, this freedom from both Utopianism and asceticism has earn ed Freud the contempt of ideological totalitarians of the Right and the Left (28). Despite the reasoning that lies behind this issue, it is clear that Freud has provided an image of man that has made him understandable without at the same time making him despicable. It is important to remember that Freud was once referred to as a leader during a period of extreme change in social character. Freud, who was rooted in the philosophy of humanism and the enlightenment, was a liberal critic of the bourgeois society. (Roazen 45). He felt society demanded many un-called for hardships on man. Further, he declared that these cruelties would led to the formation of neuroses that could have been prevented by a more accepting attitude. Many of Freuds supporters also felt that the pressures that were laid down by society were unjust, hence their finding hope in his theories. Looking directly at Freud and his development of psychoanalysis, he claims that psychoanalysis is my creation; for ten years I was the only one occupied with it (Brill 933). Freud worked as a therapist treating patients and then applying his findings to the larger human domains. Freud once stated, I perceived ever more clearlyShow MoreRelatedPsychoanalysis : What Is Psychoanalysis?1908 Words   |  8 PagesWhat is Psychoanalysis? According to the dictionary â€Å"Psychoanalysis is a systematic structure of theories concerning the relation of conscious and unconscious psychological processes.† (Freudfile.org, 2017). Psychoanalysis is used and described in many forms through sociology, literature, religion, mythology, and many more inciting public interest even though people do not always understand it. Therefore psychoanalysis is also often introduced through media such as TV, radio, and film scripts. MoviesRead MoreThe Psychoanalysis of 19841019 Words   |  5 Pages The Psychoanalysis of 1984 The social structure of George Orwell’s 1984 is based on Freud’s map of the mind and the struggles between the id, the ego and the super ego. The minds of these individuals living in this society are trained to think a certain way. Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis can be applied to Orwell’s 1984. Using Freud’s psychoanalytic approach, 1984’s main character Winston Smith is portrayed as the one who goes against the ideas of the Party. In a Freudian point of view, Winston’sRead MorePsychoanalysis and Transference737 Words   |  3 Pageshostility, which is unconsciously subverted into love and sexual attraction.[8] There is, however, no empirical evidence for Freud s viewpoint, and this hypothesis of the development of homosexuality, and the belief that it can be treated or cured by psychoanalysis, has been discredited.[9] Transference and countertransference during psychotherapy[edit] In a therapy context, transference refers to redirection of a patient s feelings for a significant person to the therapist. Transference is often manifestedRead MorePsychoanalysis of Medea2843 Words   |  12 PagesEverything that we know about it relates to the ego, in which the whole available amount of libido is at first stored up. Libido participates in every instinctual manifestation, but not everything in that manifestation is libido.† (Freud, Dictionary of Psychoanalysis) It shows that libido is related to ego and its manifestation is instinctual. A strong libido can be observed in the character of Medea which manifests itself in her actions driven by her extreme ego. In order to get a true picture of Medea,Read MorePsychoanalysis : The Height Of Academia Essay1635 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Seligman: Well the state of psychoanalysis wouldn’t exactly put it on a pedestal to measure my work against†¦ Sigmund Freud: What are you proposing? Is Psychoanalysis not the height of academia in your time? Martin Seligman: Only if the height of academia includes the isolation of most psychoanalytic ideas as well as psychoanalysis losing its place within psychiatric education (Hoffman 2010). A lot of psychoanalysis has gone unacknowledged in my era, outside of psychology within pop cultureRead MorePsychoanalysis As A Form Of Therapy1290 Words   |  6 PagesPsychoanalysis is a form of therapy that has been used for years. It offers a way to investigate the unconscious elements of the mind as well as bring repressed memories back into the conscious mind. My German Question is a memoir written by an assimilated Jew that probes his childhood between the years of 1933-1939 in Nazi Germany. Throughout Peter’s experience in Nazi Germany, he used different tactics to try to cope with the trauma. Peter said â€Å"I had developed strategies for survival designedRead MorePsychoanalysis And The Defensive Mechanism1647 Words   |  7 Pagesby analyzing textural elements. Critics will also attempt to distinguish major conflicts within the work as part of extracting important and relevant information in order to form a theory of the overall meaning of the play (Barry 105). Within psychoanalysis, the defensive mechanism is a significant to look for throughout the play. This concept conceived by Freud is described as the reaction of the mind to â€Å"operate at an unconscious level and help ward off unpleasant feelings or make good things feelRead More A Look Into Psychoanalysis Essay1469 Words   |  6 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Psychoanalysis had its beginning with the discovery that a person in complete physical health could experience an illness with physical symptoms that stemmed from things trapped in the subconscious known as hysteria. Charcot, a French neurologist tried to liberate the mind through hypnosis. A Viennese physician, Josef Breuer, carried this purging further with a process based on his patient, Anna O., revealing her thoughts and feelings to him. Sigmund Freud took Breuer’sRead MorePsychoanalysis of Holden Caulfield1173 Words   |  5 PagesPsychoanalysis is a psychoanalytical theory and therapy that aims to treat mental disorders by investigating the conscious and unconscious elements in a human mind by bringing fears to the conscious mind. According to Sigmund Freud, â€Å"The unconscious silently directs the thoughts and behavior of the individual† (Freud 95). Holden Caulfield, the main character in J.D Salinger’s novel, The Catcher in th e Rye, is sixteen years old and does not act his own age for he is stuck in his own private worldRead MorePsychoanalysis Therapy Essay2140 Words   |  9 Pagesbehavior therapy, and Adlerian therapy. Psychoanalysis as a therapy is based on the theory that there is a causal relationship between the current mental development of an individual, his or her wishes and desires, needs and behavior, both conscious and unconscious, and his or her experiences from the past (Corey, 2009; Luborsky, O’Reilly-Landry, Arlow, 2008). Various schools of depth psychology developed from psychoanalysis. The term â€Å"psychoanalysis† is, therefore, suitable for Freud’s theories

Federalism Essay - 1214 Words

Throughout history there have been a large quantity debates to decide the fate of America. In the late 18th century, America had finally broken off from Britain’s control and was looking for a new form of government. Originally, the Articles of Confederation connected the founding thirteen states of America, which was a beginner version of a constitution. This eventually became an issue since these articles did not give any power to the central government. Because of this, the states had many problems in international politics since they had just found freedom and did not have the respect of other countries. Eventually there was talk of the necessity of a new document of some sort to attempt to give the central government a higher purpose†¦show more content†¦Men like Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, and Richard Henry strongly believed in the Anti-Federalist movement, they tried to prove that a strong government could be found if the states could possess most of the natio n’s control. â€Å"Nevertheless, great States have their own particular advantages which it is necessary to recognize† (Tocqueville 70). The Anti-Federalists received their support from rural areas, such as farmers, because these were the people who feared a stronger central government and the addition to their tax burden. Many civilians who supported minimizing a strong central government did not appeal to the fact that each state would have a representative, which basically spoke for the entire state, since this representative cannot share multiple opinions. Anti-Federalists were afraid of not being heard because under a strong central government in a large nation like America, many opinions or concerns would not be taken under consideration. They believed that a proper government would function better if all concerns are heard and dealt with. The Anti-Federalists had written a series of articles arguing the constitution, called The Anti-Federalist papers. These arti cles argued that the constitution would take away the freedom and rights that America had won in the American Revolution and that the government would ignore the states and only protect the rich. The Federalist Party clearly opposed most ideas from the Anti-Federalist party.Show MoreRelatedFederalism And The Other Federalism849 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve researched different texts and different information on the topic of federalism to have a good understanding and knowledge of it. I found many sources of great information to learn about federalism and how it influences many countries in the world that we know today. My goal in this paper is to give a good understanding to what I’ve learned and give great detail on federalism and the other Federalism is when two or more levels of governments share the same power over theRead MoreEssay on Federalism1371 Words   |  6 PagesFederalism Federalism is a widely accepted system of government in North American cultures. To many North Americans it seems to be the obvious choice for all world governments, but this is not the case. In all honesty, federalism is a fairly unique form of government. Out of approximately two hundred nations on the earth one hundred and eighty states practice unitary forms of government, leaving only twenty or so as federal nations (Winchester, 1999). Unitary forms of government consistRead MoreDifferences Between Dual Federalism And Cooperative Federalism969 Words   |  4 Pagesdual federalism and cooperative federalism? Be sure to fully address what federalism is and why it was created. 1000 words. Dual federalism is a term used to describe a circumstance in which national and state governments are sovereign and equal within their constitutionally allocated spheres of authority. Federalism is a concept that refers to a system of government in which power is shared between the national and non-national governments. Cooperative Federalism is a model of federalism in whichRead MoreFederalism in India3277 Words   |  14 PagesFEDERALISM IN INDIA Federalism is a basic feature of the Constitution of India in which the Union of India is permanent and indestructible. Both the Centre and the States are co-operating and coordinating institutions having independence and ought to exercise their respective powers with mutual adjustment, respect, understanding and accommodation. Tension and conflict of the interests of the Centre and the respective units is an integral part of federalism. Prevention as well as amelioration of conflictsRead MoreFederalism Essay1956 Words   |  8 PagesFederalism The Constitution of the United States was drafted at a time when our country was in dire need of many answers to political and social questions. In addition to many other things, the drafters of the Constitution were concerned with solidifying our central government and the Constitution was intended to provide a solid structure from which our burgeoning nation could grow. The Constitution gave explicit powers to the federal government and provided the states with the Tenth AmendmentRead MoreFederalism Is Considered Centralized, Or Contrarily Decentralized Federalism?1881 Words   |  8 PagesFederalism can be perceived as quite complicated although, when explained can be quite simple. Its basic definition is that it is the share of powers between national and subnational governments. Canadian federalism was born along with the country in 1867 and has prospered ever since. Canada as a federation has evolved tremendously since its early years where it mostly started as a centralized s tate. After the World Wars, Canada progressed to become the decentralized country we know today. The resultsRead MoreFederalist And Dual Federalism1257 Words   |  6 Pagesthe individual states, most policy more closely reflected the peoples of the region. When it became clear that the Articles of Confederation were no longer working for America, the Federalists proposed a new system of Federalism, later named Dual Federalism, or â€Å"Layer Cake† Federalism. That system was based on the premise that there are two distinct, separate spheres of government, national and state. That new Federalist system of government based on the Federalist party ideals featured a strongerRead MoreFederalism Vs. Cooperative Federalism1148 Words   |  5 PagesFederalism is a critically important concept in helping to understanding the American political system. The Founding Fathers of the United States had to answer important questions on how to handle power and responsibility between the s tates and national government. They did not want to have a situation where the federal government had all the power. They had just fought a war against Britain because of that idea. However, they did not want each individual state doing essentially whatever they wantedRead MoreFederalism Vs. Cooperative Federalism1469 Words   |  6 PagesRight now the current form of Federalism that the United States uses today is called New Federalism, or Cooperative Federalism. Cooperative Federalism was created as a political model around 1937 that emphasized â€Å"teamwork† between the National and State governments. This was created to ensure that both governments would work together in order to provide services more efficiently in the Nation. This is why Cooperative Federalism is appealing to this day and still exercised, because the U.S. has stillRead MoreThe Federalism Of The United States1119 Words   |  5 PagesAmericans utilize the Federalism idea as putting into effect the Con stitution for Federal, State, and Local governments. These areas are served as different areas with different needs and goals within the federalist theory. The National Government has expressed powers over the nation and subjects that effect our nation. The State has limited powers that are involved within the State’s boundaries. The local government is expressed to help regulate the states. All together the governments make one

Classic Themes of Informatics An implementation on the Pfizer Inc

Question: Discuss about the Classic Themes of Informatics An implementation on the Pfizer Inc. Answer: Introduction This paper focuses on the need for informatics in a business sector. It points out how informatics can lead a company to achieve its long term objectives as well as understand the challenges they come across in their day to day activities. First, the Pfizer Inc. Will be introduced and the goal and challenges facing the company addressed. Second, the themes of informatics will be looked at from a theoretical angle as well as applied business scenario. The aim here is to show how informatics can help Pfizer overcome it challenges. Lastly, the paper will conclude with the sum up of the essential points plus outcomes The Pfizer Inc The Pfizer Inc is one of the worlds largest pharmaceutical companies based in New York City, US. It is organised into multiple divisions which include; specialty and primary care, emerging markets, nutrition, oncology, established products, Capsugel as well as animal health. The company develops produces vaccines/medicines from a broad spectrum of disciplines such as oncology, immunology, cardiology, neurology plus dialectology. Its brand includes BDL for lowering LDL cholesterol, Celebrex an anti inflammatory drug as well as Viagra for erectile dysfunction among others. In 2012, Pfizer Inc together with the Gates Foundation made a press release on a combined effort to provide easy access to the companys long lasting contraceptives to over 2 million women in underdeveloped nations ( OBrien-Nabors 2013) Problem Identification Pfizers aims at developing as well as producing vaccines/ medicines for all disciplines across the globe. Its research activities is classified into two categories the PTRD group that deals with discovering of small molecules plus related modalities , and the BTRDG group that deals with large molecular research such as vaccines (Pfizer Inc 2001). General goals challenges The aim of Pfizer Company was to ensure the health and well being of a person by producing the finest medicines and vaccines that could treat different ailments. To achieve this, the company has committed over $6 billion for research and development. On the other hand, the Pfizer has faced a wide number of challenges including; revenue reduction because of patent loss, antibiotic drug resistance, FDA stringency especially in response to the vioxx trials, as well as the end of blockbuster revenue among other challenges .These challenges will however be applied to the classic themes of informatics below Application of classic themes of informatics a) Naming and Knowing Informatics entails processing of information, where precise naming as well as knowing is of great significance. A naming that provides information plus identity uses different attributes in different sectors including shrimps in the aspect of zoos (Gallo et al. 2006) . However, information can be put into different orders for specifying further reading. As a matter of fact, naming is used like a reference for informatics for easy recognitions say after an encounter Pfizer uses different systems in naming and knowing of drugs so as to proceed in the financial system. To structure every segment, each transaction is given to a separate segment. b) Language and communication Human as well as informatics is based on different languages that allow exchange of data through the use of linguistic codes. Hence the different languages such as Germany vary from other languages that are constructed for a specific need. Besides, there are other communications such as electronic human communication that can convey more information such as gestures. Unfortunately, this can interpreted differently. According to Kessler et al. (2009) communications must be observed together with the societal background that can either be monochromic or polychromic In its global perspective Pfizer uses English as the core language. However, English is translated into other local languages to ensure the encryptions on their products are well understood by the consumers. Any other information of the company is provided only in English including all the communications such as reporting and controlling affairs of the company. On the other cases, electronic media can be used to communicate with the workers. Here, newspapers, internet, messaging can be used c) Discovery and presentation Discovery helps in finding new discoveries that can be achieved through deductions, experiences as well as reasoning. To attain such, different methods as well as processes such as presentation can be applied. For the presentations diagrams, graphics and visual forms can be used discovery has a significant role in the Pfizer Company (Rush 2006). For each medicine or vaccine it helps in mixing the right and equal proportions from their respective components. Pfizer Inc develops their drugs manually through trial error method in their research centres as well as tests the drugs in experiments. As a result, Pfizer Company depends heavily on discovery as well as transfer processes d) Recording and remembering After everything relevant information has to record for storage. The aspect of remembering here deals with the control of the stored data through choosing the storage Medias well as the way or archiving so as to make the data available for future use (Simon et al. 2008). Pfizer Company needs to find a way of remembering its records so as to avoid unnecessary time wastage in the future. Besides, the co-operates management relies heavily on recorded information so as to provide financial report of the company. To achieve this, Pfizer record should be put in a system provided with back up. In addition, further recording should be made though filing to ensure no information is lost. This can include invoices of the company. e) Systematisation and construction Systematisation as well as construction involves dealing with a companys records in long-lasting structures. Most importantly, the data modelling has a key role in deciding the structure of the stored data (Troy and Beringer 2006). Pfizer organises its financial as well as operational information with different classifications, so that every data set has a main key like a drug or customers identity. More data as well as characteristics are found inside the content. On the other aspect, Pfizer categorises its clients with a client number that contains the clients classification. Conclusion This paper has applied the classic themes of informatics in the real business scenario of Pfizer Inc. As an outcome, informatics might be perceived as the mainstay in Pfizer daily business activities so as to attain its long-term objectives of sophisticated brands as well as excellent customer service. The improvement plus internalisation technique requires flexible complex systems so as to manage every subsidiary plus consumers across the globe. While Pfizer employs technology in the financial as well as operational sectors appropriately, there are a few of challenges in the sectors of region transfer of research and development techniques as well as knowledge control to secure Pfizers assets References Davison, E. and Wells, J.I., Pfizer Inc., 1989. Pharmaceutically acceptable salts. U.S. Patent 4,879,303. Day, D., 2003. Use of pharmacy claims databases to determine rates of medication adherence. Advances in therapy, 20(3), pp.164-176. Friedman, D.S., Quigley, H.A., Gelb, L., Tan, J., Margolis, J., Shah, S.N., Kim, E.E., Zimmerman, T. and Hahn, S.R., 2007. Using pharmacy claims data to study adherence to glaucoma medications: methodology and findings of the Glaucoma Adherence and Persistency Study (GAPS). Investigative ophthalmology visual science, 48(11), pp.5052-5057. Gallo, P., Chuang-Stein, C., Dragalin, V., Gaydos, B., Krams, M. and Pinheiro, J., 2006. Adaptive designs in clinical drug developmentan executive summary of the PhRMA working group. Journal of biopharmaceutical statistics, 16(3), pp.275-283. Kessler, R.C., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Chatterji, S., Lee, S., Ormel, J., stn, T.B. and Wang, P.S., 2009. The global burden of mental disorders: an update from the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys. Epidemiologia e psichiatria sociale, 18(01), pp.23-33. O'Brien-Nabors, L., 2011. Alternative sweeteners. CRC Press. Pfizer Inc, 2001. Full preparation: the Pfizer guide to careers in pharmacy. Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group. Rush, A.J., Trivedi, M.H., Wisniewski, S.R., Nierenberg, A.A., Stewart, J.W., Warden, D., Niederehe, G., Thase, M.E., Lavori, P.W., Lebowitz, B.D. and McGrath, P.J., 2006. Acute and longer-term outcomes in depressed outpatients requiring one or several treatment steps: a STAR* D report. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163(11), pp.1905-1917. Simon, N.M., McNamara, K., Chow, C.W., Maser, R.S., Papakostas, G.I., Pollack, M.H., Nierenberg, A.A., Fava, M. and Wong, K.K., 2008. A detailed examination of cytokine abnormalities in Major Depressive Disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 18(3), pp.230-233. Troy, D.B. and Beringer, P. eds., 2006. Remington: The science and practice of pharmacy (Vol. 1). Lippincott Williams Wilkins.